Proyek Akhir: Blog Full-Stack Lengkap

composer create-project laravel/laravel blogku && cd blogku
composer require laravel/breeze --dev
php artisan breeze:install blade && php artisan migrate
npm install && npm run dev   # terminal terpisah

php artisan make:model Post -m
php artisan make:model Comment -m
php artisan make:model Tag -m

// migration posts
Schema::create('posts', function (Blueprint $table) {
    $table->id();
    $table->foreignId('user_id')->constrained()->cascadeOnDelete();
    $table->string('title');
    $table->string('slug')->unique();
    $table->text('body');
    $table->string('cover')->nullable(); // path di disk public
    $table->timestamp('published_at')->nullable();
    $table->timestamps();
});

// migration comments
Schema::create('comments', function (Blueprint $table) {
    $table->id();
    $table->foreignId('post_id')->constrained()->cascadeOnDelete();
    $table->foreignId('user_id')->constrained()->cascadeOnDelete();
    $table->text('body');
    $table->timestamps();
});

// migration post_tag (pivot many-to-many)
Schema::create('post_tag', function (Blueprint $table) {
    $table->foreignId('post_id')->constrained()->cascadeOnDelete();
    $table->foreignId('tag_id')->constrained()->cascadeOnDelete();
    $table->primary(['post_id', 'tag_id']);
});

// app/Models/Post.php
public function user() { return $this->belongsTo(User::class); }
public function comments() { return $this->hasMany(Comment::class)->latest(); }
public function tags() { return $this->belongsToMany(Tag::class); }
public function getRouteKeyName(): string { return 'slug'; }

// app/Http/Controllers/PostController.php
public function index()
{
    // with() = eager loading, paginate = 12 per halaman
    $posts = Post::with(['user', 'tags'])
        ->whereNotNull('published_at')
        ->latest('published_at')
        ->paginate(12);

    return view('posts.index', compact('posts'));
}

public function show(Post $post)
{
    $post->load(['user', 'tags', 'comments.user']);

    return view('posts.show', compact('post'));
}

php artisan make:controller Dashboard/PostController
php artisan make:request StorePostRequest
php artisan make:policy PostPolicy --model=Post

// app/Http/Controllers/Dashboard/PostController.php
public function store(StorePostRequest $request)
{
    $data = $request->validated();
    $data['slug'] = Str::slug($data['title']).'-'.Str::random(6);

    if ($request->hasFile('cover')) {
        $data['cover'] = $request->file('cover')->store('covers', 'public');
    }

    $request->user()->posts()->create($data);

    return redirect()->route('dashboard.posts.index');
}

// app/Http/Controllers/CommentController.php
public function store(Request $request, Post $post)
{
    $data = $request->validate(['body' => 'required|string|max:1000']);

    $comment = $post->comments()->create([
        ...$data, 'user_id' => $request->user()->id,
    ]);

    // beri tahu pemilik post (jangan notifikasi diri sendiri)
    if ($post->user_id !== $request->user()->id) {
        $post->user->notify(new KomentarBaru($comment));
    }

    return back();
}

// app/Policies/PostPolicy.php
public function update(User $user, Post $post): bool
{
    return $user->id === $post->user_id;
}
public function delete(User $user, Post $post): bool
{
    return $user->id === $post->user_id;
}